Diamonds

Diamonds are composed of carbon and the hardest natural substances in the world. Each atom of the carbon is surrounded by four neighboring carbon atoms in a tetrahedral coordination that is the result of a covalent bond and a face-centered arrangement in the cubic unit cell.

Diamond is in the isometric crystal system, which is reflected in the commonly found octahedral or cubic crystal form.It has perfect four directional cleavage, adamantine luster, and both a high refractive index. The color of the diamond is usually pale yellow to colorless, but can also be black,brown, green, blue, red, orange. Although diamonds vary from colorless to black, most are yellow. Diamonds experts set the diamonds in yellow gold to mask the yellow body color. The yellowness of a diamond is made by the nitrogen and blue diamonds are colored by boron. Carbon is adjacent to nitrogen and boron in the periodic table and substitution is possible because of size similarity of the elements.

Diamonds have up to 3 billion years old. The origin of dimaond may have been uncovered in the 15th century, but appreciation for diamond has been known since diamond discovery in India, prior to 400 B.C.E.1 . Historically, diamonds are been referred to as the essence of invincibility and purity, a symbol of royalty, and a sign of everlasting love.

Throughout history the diamond has been revered as having an irresistibly seductive power all of its own. This reputation is due to its fire, its brilliance and the fact that it is the rarest, most expensive and therefore most desirable of all gems.
Nowadays, a diamond is a symbol of love so buying the perfect diamond for that special occasion is a crucially important decision.